Effect of the vertical component of ground motion on a rubble masonry wall model

In this paper the influence of vertical component ground motion on performance an unreinforced masonry wall is analysed using sets one-component and two-component motions. The set motions represents actual seismicity L'Aquila, while investigated mimics experimental specimen with two unconnected external leaves a rubble core. model falls within mixed finite element method – discrete accounts for crack formation, complete separation new contact formation. modelling strategy capable to simulate out-of-plane seismic response progressive loss compactness up collapse between leaves. increases fragility confirms relevance very vulnerable constructions. Nonetheless, worsen response, needs overcome specific, non-negligible intensity measure thresholds.